Wednesday, May 16, 2018

Fact Sheets: Israel's Missile Defense System

Fact Sheets: Israel's Missile Defense 

Image result for israel missile




Israel faces a variety of military threats that tests the Israel Defense Forces in its ability to protect civilians from attack. The Jewish State has defended itself no fewer than ten times on the battlefield, each victory reliant on its superiorly trained manpower and qualitative advantage over the enemies.
The proliferation of rockets and ballistic missiles across the Middle East - particularly in Iran, Syria, Lebanon and the Palestinian territories - has forced Israel to strengthen a new aspect of its defense doctrine – active anti-missile technology. Given Israel's small size, ballistic missiles represent an existential threat to Israel and it must therefore have an anti­missile defense network that provides protection for the entire population. The philosophy of active missile defense - involving the development of advanced anti-missile systems as well as grouping together air, rocket and missile defense capabilities - underpins Israel's defense doctrine, also including early-warning, passive defense and counter-strike capabilities.


Image result for israel missileImage result for israel missile

The missile threat is not confined to one geographical region or to any one type of rocket. Israel, in collaboration with the United States, has created a multi-layered missile defense apparatus in order to combat the threat and this defense system is considered one of the most advanced in the world.
The IDF began use of an upgraded siren warning system for incoming projectiles in August 2017.  Portable warning systems were distributed to areas not covered by existing sirens, and software upgrades to help more specifically pinpoint the areas in danger were implemented as well.  
The U.S. government's most recent spending bill, passed in March 2018, includes a record-high $705 million in funding earmarked for Israel's missile defense systems.  



Science and technology in Israel

Israel has been coined the “Startup Nation”; the country with the highest concentration of startups in the world. Over the past 63 years,  thousands of Israeli startups have given rise to innovations in fields as diverse as irrigation; GPS navigation; and cherry tomatoes.
But which are the Israeli startups that are truly changing the world?
We’ve picked 10 startups that we believe have impacted the world for the better or are in the process of changing lives forever.

Stratasys
Predicting the futureOne technology that is gradually being integrated into an increasing number of fields is 3D printing, and no company has more 3D printing technology in its arsenal than Israeli-American giant Stratasys. Bringing printing to a new level, Stratasys is bridging today’s most innovative ideas with reality. The company’s printers (and scanners) can be used in various fields, ranging from 3D-printed cars to clothes and medical devices. Already,  Japanese fashion designer Yuima Nakazoto used Stratasys’ 3D printer for his latest collection, printing futuristic sportswear. Perhaps more importantly, 3D printing can be used in medicine for its geometric capabilities linked with patient care and advanced experimental work. In all fields, Stratasys seems to be adding another dimension of possibilities.
A graduate of the Technion, 27-year -old Dr. Kira Radinsky has developed software that can predict pandemics and genocides several months in advance. By scanning 500-years-worth of literature, including all the materials published in the New York Times from 1880 onwards, she was able to find strong correlations between various historical events. Among her other findings, Radinsky also discovered that the combination of droughts and storms is a good indicator to a potential Cholera outbreak. Already, her software predicted the Cholera pandemic in Cuba last year, several months before it actually happened. Radinsky started university at 15, earned her PhD at 26 and founded two startups on the side. She even landed a spot in this year’s MIT list of Top 35 Innovators Under 35, alongside the likes of Google’s Larry Page and Sergey Brin and Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg.
“Disk-On-Key” (USB flash drive)
Yes, that USB memory stick you just saved your assignment on hails from the Holy Land. This world-famous portable storage device was first made by M-System’s, the company of now legendary Israeli entrepreneur Dov Moran as an upgraded version of disk and diskette technology. Moran went on to sell it to SanDisk for a cool $1.6 billion. This miniature life-saver, rescuing us from panic on many occasions, uses flash memory and USB interface for connection to personal computers. Not only can it fit our pockets, but the USB flash drive can store up to 11,830 times more data than the floppy disk (remember that?). This invention made our computer files infinitely more portable and secure. Yay for USB!

Tuesday, May 15, 2018

Configuration of MPLS Switching and Forwarding

Configuration of MPLS Switching and Forwarding



Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) combines the performance and capabilities of Layer 2 (data link layer) switching with the proven scalability of Layer 3 (network layer) routing. MPLS enables you to meet the challenges of explosive growth in network utilisation while providing the opportunity to differentiate services without sacrificing the existing network infrastructure 

Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) is a high-performance packet forwarding technology that integrates the performance and traffic management capabilities of data link layer (Layer 2) switching with the scalability, flexibility, and performance of network layer (Layer 3) routing. 



Each label switching router (LSR) in the network makes an independent, local decision as to which label value to use to represent a forwarding equivalence class. This association is known as a label binding. Each LSR informs its neighbors of the label bindings it has made. This awareness of label bindings by neighboring switches is facilitated by the following protocols: 
  • Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)—Enables peer LSRs in an MPLS network to exchange label binding information for supporting hop-by-hop forwarding in an MPLS network. 
  • Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)—Supports MPLS virtual private networks (VPNs). 


Configuring a Switch for MPLS Switching 
Cisco Express Forwarding be enabled on the switch before configuring MPLS switching. Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, perform the following steps: 

Configuration Example for MPLS Switching 
Switch> enable 
Switch# configure terminal 
Switch(config)# ip cef distributed 
Switch(config)# mpls label range 16 4096 
Switch(config)# mpls label protocol ldp 
Switch(config)# end 

Configuring a Switch for MPLS Forwarding 
Forwarding of IPv4 packets must be enabled on the switch before configuring MPLS forwarding. Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, perform the following steps 

Configuration Example for MPLS Forwarding 
Switch> enable 
Switch# configure terminal 
Switch(config)# interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0 
Switch(config-if)# mpls ip 
Switch(config-if)# mpls label protocol ldp 
Switch(config-if)# end

Verifying Configuration of MPLS Forwarding 
To verify that MPLS forwarding has been configured properly, run the following commands, which generates an output similar to that shown below 

Switch# show mpls interfaces detail interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 
Type Unknown 
IP labeling enabled 
LSP Tunnel labeling not enabled 
IP FRR labeling not enabled 
BGP labeling not enabled 
MPLS not operational 
MTU = 1500 

For Switch Virtual Interface (SVI): 
Switch# show mpls interfaces detail interface Vlan1000 
Type Unknown 
IP labeling enabled (ldp) : 
Interface config 
LSP Tunnel labeling not enabled 
IP FRR labeling not enabled 
BGP labeling not enabled 
MPLS operational 
MTU = 1500 

Switch# show running-config interface interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 
Building configuration... 
Current configuration : 307 bytes 
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/0 
no switchport 
ip address xx.xx.x.x xxx.xxx.xxx.x 
mpls ip 
mpls label protocol ldp 
end 

For Switch Virtual Interface (SVI): 
Switch# show running-config interface interface Vlan1000 
Building configuration... 
Current configuration : 187 bytes 
!
interface Vlan1000 
ip address xx.xx.x.x xxx.xxx.xxx.x 
mpls ip 
mpls label protocol ldp 
end.

Monday, May 14, 2018

Non-Samsung Phones With Dual Curved Edge Display

Dual curved edge smartphone displays have been exclusive to Samsung for a really long time (that is, if you don’t count LG’s G Flex and G Flex 2) and it’s only recently that the technology has started showing up on other manufacturer phones. You might argue that the curved edge doesn’t add any real value to the core functionality, but it sure as hell looks enchanting. Is Samsung the only one that has the expertise to manufacture curved edge display phones? Here are a few non-Sammy phones with curved displays.

1. Nokia 8 Sirocco

At MWC 2018, Nokia unleashed its true flagship phone, the Nokia 8 Sirocco. The new Nokia flagship has curved edges that taper to just 2mm thickness.
The phone includes a 5.5-inch vibrant OLED panel, is IP67 water resistant, supports wireless charging, and has dual rear cameras with Zeiss optics. The handset is powered by Snapdragon 835 chipset with 6GB RAM and 128GB storage and is part of Google’s Android One program (which is to say that it will be running the latest Android version for the next two years, at least).

2. Huawei Porsche Design Mate RS

Huawei Porsche design Mate RS is the world’s first phone with 512GB internal storage. Just as the Huawei P20 Pro, this one too flaunts triple rear cameras, but additionally has a curved edge display minus the notch. Another attracting is the presence of dual fingerprint reader:  in-display fingerprint sensor on the front and capacitive sensor on the rear.
The Mate RS has a 6-inch OLED screen and is powered by Kirin 970 processor paired with 6GB RAM. The phone also includes a tonne of AI smarts, a 4000mAh battery, and a 24MP front selfie camera.

3. LG V30+

LG V30+ is a premium mid-range Android handset that includes an 18:9 aspect ratio POLED display with subtle curves on both sides. It’s also powered by Snapdragon 835, is dust and water resistant and has a HiFi quad-DAC.
The handset is currently running on Android 7.1.1 Nougat but will get Android 8.0 Oreo update by the end of this year.

4. Xiaomi Mi Note 2

When Xiaomi launched its Mi Note 2 in China late last year, it was instantly flagged as a Samsung Galaxy Note 7 replacement simply because of the design similarities that it holds with the ill-fated Samsung flagship.
mi Note 2
The Mi Note 2 has a 5.7-inch Full HD dual curved edge display layered with 3D curved glass on both front and rear. Other high-end specs associated with the phone include Snapdragon 821 chipset, 6GB RAM, up to 128GB storage, 22.56MP rear camera, HD audio, and 4070mAh battery.

5. Energizer Power Max P600S

Energizer Power Max P600S has a massive 4500mAh battery and is a mid-range phone that offers dual curved edge 18:9 display.
Other than that, the specs are pretty basic. The handset is powered by MediaTek Helio P25 chipset paired with 3GB RAM and 32GB storage. Other highlights include a 13MP+5MP dual rear camera setup, 8MP selfie camera, and Android Nougat based software.

6. Huawei Mate 9 Pro

Another Huawei phone to flaunt a dual curved edge display is the Mate 9 Pro. The Curves on the Mate 9 Pro aren’t as pronounced as the ones on Galaxy S7 Edge, but still the subtle ones too look cool.
$_12
The handset includes a 5.5-inch QHD AMOLED panel, 6GB RAM, 128GB storage, dual 20MP + 12MP rear camera, 4000mAh battery and is powered by Kirin 960 octa-core chipset.

7. Vivo XPlay6 

In terms of design, the Vivo XPlay6 borrows from both iPhone and Samsung. This Snapdragon 820 powered phone flaunts a 5.46-inch AMOLED display with curved side edges and also implements an edge launcher like Samsung.
Other features include dual rear cameras, 16MP front camera, 6GB RAM and 128GB storage.